Determinants of treatment outcomesin hospitalized pneumonia patients: Aclinical and socioeconomic analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia, regardless of its microbial cause, remains a major global health concern, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality across all populations. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinical and socioeconomic factors on the treatment of hospitalized pneumonia patients. Materials and Methods: An observational study involving 69 patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia was carried out in a hospital. Software called the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics (version 20.0) was used for data processing and statistical analysis. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to examine categorical variables, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Treatment failure was significantly associated with prolonged pre- hospital delay (P = 0.0002), highlighting a critical “golden window” for intervention. With an increase in age, there is a more chance of getting negative treatment outcomes with P value (0.0039) and regular alcohol use was linked to cases. Discussion: Alcohol consumption and advanced age have been associated with decreased physiological resilience and immune response. More complex clinical courses were caused by resistant Gram-negative infections, but Gram-positive cocci were more common. Poorer outcomes were linked to higher socioeconomic and educational status, possibly as a result of postponing seeking medical attention. Conclusion: In addition to antimicrobial therapy, early intervention and metabolic stability are crucial \ for the multifactorial recovery from pneumonia. To improve survival rates, risk-stratified clinical management and increased health literacy are crucial, as clinical deterioration (P < 0.05). General random blood sugar at discharge correlated with treatment efficacy (P = 0.0344), while multilobar involvement (>3 lobes) was most common in fatal.