Exploring siddha medicine: The efficacy of polyherbal combinations in managing bronchial asthma through anti-inflammatory mechanisms

Abstract

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by hyperresponsiveness, 
inflammation, and mucus secretion, affecting approximately 262 million people worldwide. Traditional medicine, 
including Siddha medicine, offers a holistic approach to managing asthma, with polyherbal formulation like ???t??ai 
Ku?in?r (AK) being used for centuries. Objective: This review aims to summarize the preclinical and clinical 
evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of AK in the management of BA, with a focus on antiasthmatic, 
bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive 
review of traditional Siddha literature, preclinical and clinical trials was conducted to gather information on 
the phytochemical composition, pharmacological effects, and therapeutic uses of AK. Results: AK comprising 
Adhatoda vasica, Solanum xanthocarpum, and Tinospora cordifolia, exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, 
including anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, antiasthmatic, and antioxidant activities. Preclinical studies have 
demonstrated the efficacy of these herbs in alleviating asthma symptoms, reducing eosinophilia count, stabilizing 
mast cells, and decreasing capillary permeability. Clinical trials have shown that AK is effective in improving lung 
function, promoting viral clearance, and modulating immune responses in COVID- 19 patients. Conclusion: The 
polyherbal formulation AK ingredients offer a promising therapeutic approach to managing BA, with its antiinflammatory effects providing a holistic solution for respiratory health. Further research is needed to fully 
elucidate the mechanisms of action and optimal dosing regimens for AK in the management of BA